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Bean Scopes in Spring

A reference to Spring bean scopes and the lifetimes of the objects they manage.

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  1. Singleton (Default)

    • Only one instance of the bean is created per Spring IoC container.
    • Shared across all requests for that bean.
    • Suitable for stateless beans, like services or DAOs.

  2. Prototype

    • A new instance is created each time the bean is requested.
    • Useful for stateful beans where each usage needs a fresh instance.
    • Lifecycle management (e.g., destruction) is not handled by Spring.

  3. Request

    • A new bean instance is created for each HTTP request.
    • Only valid in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
    • Ideal for web applications where data is specific to a single request.

  4. Session

    • A new bean instance is created for each HTTP session.
    • Only valid in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
    • Suitable for user-specific data that persists across multiple requests in a session.

  5. Application

    • A single bean instance is created per ServletContext.
    • Only valid in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext.
    • Used for application-wide data shared across all users and sessions.

  6. WebSocket

    • A new bean instance is created for each WebSocket connection.
    • Only valid in a web-aware Spring ApplicationContext with WebSocket support.
    • Useful for managing state specific to a WebSocket session.

Also see.

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